EXPLORING THE McCAULEY CECIL COUNTY, MARYLAND ROOTS

The Leslie Family

Daniel McCauley was the second son of Brian “Barney” and Ann (Miller) McCauley. He married Francina “Siney” Baker, the daughter of Jethro Baker, a Revolutionary War Patriot. The Tucker County, West Virginia McCauley family descends from Daniel and Francina. 

Francina had a brother, Nathan, and a younger sister, Lydia. Lydia married Robert William Leslie, a self-taught clockmaker and silversmith. For the Tucker County McCauley descendants, Nathan and Lydia would be great granduncle and great grandaunt. Their children would be distant cousins. (For me, that is 4th great-granduncle and 4th great-grandaunt and 1st cousins 5x removed.)

18Th Century Watchmaker Working

At the time of the Continental Congress, Robert Leslie operated a watchmaker’s shop in Philadelphia. He became friends with many members of the Congress and was personal friends with Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson.

Jefferson and Franklin

Robert and Lydia had four children: Eliza, known as Miss Leslie; Charles Robert, an artist born in London; Thomas Jefferson, a West Point graduate born in London; and Patty, who married Henry Charles Carey a book publisher and writer.

Henry Charles Carey

Robert Leslie died, in 1804. After his early death, Lydia, in order to support herself, opened a boarding house. Having lived twenty years beyond her husband’s death, Lydia passed away in 1824.

City of Philadelphia

 

Credits

 

Ancestry.com

 

Watchmaker

https://www.gettyimages.in/detail/news-photo/illustration-depicting-father-perrelet-a-french-watchmaker-news-photo/517389418

Jefferson and Franklin

https://historychickinaz.com/tag/thomas-jefferson/page/2/

Henry Charles Carey

https://www.quotationof.com/bio/henry-charles-carey.html

City of Philadelphia

http://oldprintshop.com/product/74067?inventoryno=39849&itemno=1

EXPLORING SCOTTISH CREATORS

Otto Theodore Leyde 

(German born, Scottish painter of the 19th Century) 

27 April 1835 – 11 January 1897

Otto Theodore Leyde was born at Wehlau, East Prussia. At the age of 19 he traveled to Edinburgh, Scotland where he eventually settled, becoming a naturalized subject of her Majesty.

After employment as a lithographic artist, he devoted himself to painting. He exhibited at the Royal Scottish Academy and was elected an Associate of the Academy in 1870. He later became an Academician, and in 1886 he became Librarian of the Academy.

Leyde painted in oils and watercolors and became well known for his landscapes and genre subjects. As well as the Royal Scottish Academy, his paintings were exhibited in other places, especially in Scottish galleries.  

Prices for Leyde's paintings range from $106 USD to $6,765 USD.

 A Few Paintings by Otto Theodore Leyde

Happy as the Day is Long

Portrait of a Lady wearing a Lace Shawl with Pearl Bracelet sitting at Spinning Wheel

The Fishing Party

The Young Angler

The Fishing Party

Portrait of a Scotsman

A Highland Home

Unknown Title

A Day at the Seashore

Unknown Title

Two Children - Twee Kilderen

Two Children Fishing in Scotland

 

EXPLORING THE SCOTS-IRISH

Scots-Irish or Scotch-Irish

Scots-Irish or Scotch-Irish? Is one, or the other of them, correct?

Both Scots-Irish and Scotch-Irish can be found in dictionaries.

Merriam Webster online:

Scotch-Irish adjective

ˈskäch-ˈī-rish

Definition of Scotch-Irish

of, relating to, or descended from Scottish settlers in Northern Ireland

https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Scotch-Irish

Free Dictionary online:

Scotch′-I′rish or Scots-Irish n.

1. the descendants of the Lowland Scots who were settled in Ulster in the 17th century. adj.

2. of or pertaining to the Scotch-Irish.

Random House Kernerman Webster's College Dictionary, © 2010 K Dictionaries Ltd. Copyright 2005, 1997, 1991 by Random House, Inc. All rights reserved.

https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Scots-Irish

Your Dictionary online:

Scots-irish meaning

skŏtsīrĭsh

The people of Scotland who settled in Ulster or their descendants, especially those who emigrated to North America.

https://www.yourdictionary.com/scots-irish

American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language

Scots-I·rish

(skŏts′ī′rĭsh) n.

1. The people of Scotland who settled in Ulster or their descendants, especially those who emigrated to North America.

Also called Scotch-Irish.

American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. Copyright © 2016 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

https://www.ahdictionary.com/word/search.html?q=Scots+Irish

The term Scotch-Irish has been more widely used in the United States than Scots-Irish. Book titles using Scotch-Irish are more numerous than book titles using Scots-Irish. People of Scottish background were known as Scotch in the 18^th century.

Scotch-Irish has been used for immigrants from Ulster (mainly of Presbyterian heritage) for more than three centuries. In a letter written by Elizabeth I, she described Sorley Boy MacDonald and others as being of the Scotch-Irish race.

The term was used in Colonial America, along with Irish, Ulster Irish, Northern Irish and Irish Presbyterian. A Maryland document shows Scotch-Irish being used as an insult.

The term Scotch-Irish is a source of confusion. It was not in common use in the United States until the mid-19^th century when it became common. It had fallen out of use by the time the United States had become a new country. The ethnic Scots, who had immigrated from Ulster, were typically referred to as Irish, since their most recent home had been in Ireland.

Due to the Irish Potato Famine, of the 1840s, many Irish Catholics fled to America. This large-scale Catholic migration caused the Protestant Scots to adopt the qualifier Scotch Irish to distinguish themselves and their culture from the new immigrants.

The term Scots-Irish is used most often by genealogists and academics. Presumably, they are conforming to British usage. Today, people in Scotland are called Scots rather than Scotch.

Though it is common in the United States, Scotch-Irish is seldom used in England, Scotland and Ireland. People in Scotland prefer to use the terms Scottish and Scots, reserving Scotch to refer to whisky.

Whisky or Whiskey? That is another story!

Credits:

Scotch-Irish or Scots-Irish: What's in a Name? An Essay by Michael Montgomery

http://ulsterscotslanguage.com/en/texts/scotch-irish/scotch-irish-or-scots-irish/

SCOTCH-IRISH

Concise Oxford Companion to the English Language TOM McARTHUR

https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/united-states-and-canada/us-history/scotch-irish

The Scots-Irish The second largest pre-Revolutionary European immigrant group

https://www.mcmillen-design.com/scotsirish/pages/scotsirish.html

Scotch, Scottish and Scots-Irish By David A. Fryxell

http://www.tartansauthority.com/tartan/tartan-today/finding-your-tartan/scotch-irish

EXPLORING SCOTLAND

Scotland

United Kingdom

Scotland is part of the United Kingdom. It lies farther north than the other parts of the United Kingdom and covers about one third of the island of Great Britain. Scotland is the second largest country in the United Kingdom.

 

Scotland contains over 790 islands. Most of the islands are in the Hebrides and the Northern Isles.

Scottish Population Density Map

 

The majority of Scotland’s population lives in the plains between the Scottish Highlands and the Southern Lowlands.

 

Edinburgh, Scotland

Edinburgh, in the county of Midlothian, is the capital of Scotland. Financial institutions in the city financed much of the development - ranching, railroads, timber and mining - of the western United States.

Scotland’s legal, educational, religious and other institutions remain separate from the rest of the United Kingdom. Since the union with England, in 1707, this has allowed Scottish culture and national identity to persist.

Scottish Parliament

In 1999, a new Scottish Parliament, the first since 1707, was elected. This gave Scotland significant control over Scottish affairs. 

 

Credits: 

https://www.britannica.com/place/Edinburgh-Scotland/Union-with-England

Turnbull, Archie Rule , Lynch, Michael and Ehrlich, Blake. "Edinburgh". Encyclopedia Britannica, Invalid Date, https://www.britannica.com/place/Edinburgh-Scotland. Accessed 6 January 2022.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotland

 https://notevenpast.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/United_Kingdom_labelled_map7.jpg

https://www.tripsavvy.com/scotland-tourist-map-cities-and-attractions-1508622

 https://www.pinterest.com/pin/276619602092360751/

 https://www.embracescotland.co.uk/self-catering/scottish-culture/

https://www.sikh24.com/2014/05/15/cross-party-members-of-the-scottish-parliament-call-for-public-inquiry-into-uk-involvement-in-operation-blue-star/

 

EXPLORING SCOTTISH FOOD

 Traditional Scottish Cookery Cookbook

Traditional Scottish Cookery

Traditional Scottish Cookery by Margaret Fairlie is a very small Scottish cookbook. It measures about 3 ½ inches x 5 inches. If the measurement had been quoted in the description, it might not have been purchased. Being on a Scottish Cookbook buying spree, though, it, without a doubt, would have been. It includes over one hundred interesting, unusual recipes for wannabee Scottish cooks.

Table of Contents

On the contents page, handwritten and underlined in pencil, is the very brief note: ’85 trip. Somebody, somewhere, had visited Scotland in 1985 and purchased this little Scottish cookbook as a souvenir. Did they try any of the recipes? The book is not worn, like it might have been if it had been used. There are no splashes or smears from a recipe being prepared close by. Except for the note on the contents page, it is remarkably clean.

The copyright for the mini book is 1972. It was published by Robert Hale Limited, Clerkenwell House in London, England, and it was printed by Everbest Printing Co. in Hong Kong.

Introduction

On the introduction page to the book, it is stated that many Scottish recipes are of French origin. Could haggis be a French inspired recipe? or Cock-A-Leekie? or Cullen Skink? or Tipsy Laird? or Rumbledethumps? This will require some thorough culinary sleuthing.

The relationship between France and Scotland is an old one, going back many centuries to the late 1200s. James I is said to have employed a French cook. Scotland’s most famous monarch, Mary Queen of Scots, spent her early years in France and married French King Francis II. Having spent most of her childhood in that country, she would have dined on French food and become accustomed that style of cooking.

King Francis II and Queen Mary of France

 https://www.scotland.org/events/lorient-celtic-festival/scottish-french-connections

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary,_Queen_of_Scots